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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO5263, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090078

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the health profile of community-dwelling older adults, according to sex, assisted by the Elderly Caregiver Program of the City of São Paulo. Methods Secondary data of 535 older adults, assisted by ten Elderly Caregiver Program teams from the southern region of São Paulo, were collected from medical records and the Multidimensional Evaluation of Older People in Primary Care, after verifying the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study and obtaining subjects' consent. Results Older adults assisted by this program were predominantly female (77.6%), mean age of 76.2±8.0 years. They had negative self-rated health (67.8%), difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (68.4%) and signs of mood changes (60.3%). A high prevalence of older adults with vision problems (58.8%), polypharmacy (58.1%), memory-related complaints (55.8%) and multiple morbidities (50.6%) were observed. The prevalence of multiple morbidities, polypharmacy, cognitive impairment and signs of mood changes were higher in women. On the other hand, men reported more hearing problems than women. Conclusion The poorer health conditions of the older adults in this study, evidenced by a high prevalence of subjects with negative self-rated health, difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living, multiple morbidities, polypharmacy and other complaints (sensorial changes, depressive and cognitive symptoms), reinforce the importance of this program as a long-term care policy and as a way to ensure these older adults can continue living in their communities.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil de saúde de idosos residentes na comunidade, de acordo com o sexo, cadastrados no Programa Acompanhante de Idosos do Município de São Paulo. Métodos Os dados secundários de 535 idosos assistidos por dez equipes do Programa Acompanhante de Idosos da região sul de São Paulo foram coletados a partir da consulta em prontuários e da Avaliação Multidimensional da Pessoa Idosa na Atenção Primária, após verificados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão para o estudo e a autorização dos idosos selecionados. Resultados Os idosos assistidos por este programa eram predominantemente do sexo feminino (77,6%), apresentavam média de idade 76,2±8,0 anos, tinham autoavaliação negativa de saúde (67,8%), comprometimento das atividades instrumentais da vida diária (68,4%) e indícios de alterações de humor (60,3%). Foi observada alta prevalência de idosos com dificuldades para enxergar (58,8%), polifarmácia (58,1%), queixas de problemas de memória (55,8%) e com múltiplas morbidades (50,6%). Na comparação entre os sexos, a presença de múltiplas morbidades, polifarmácia, queixas cognitivas e sinais de alterações de humor foi maior entre as mulheres. Por outro lado, a demanda de maior prevalência entre os homens foi referente a dificuldades em ouvir. Conclusão As piores condições de saúde desses idosos, constatadas pela alta prevalência de autoavaliação negativa de saúde, pelo comprometimento das atividades instrumentais da vida diária, por múltiplas morbidades, pela polifarmácia e outras queixas (alterações sensoriais, sintomas depressivos e alterações cognitivas), reafirmam a importância deste programa como política de cuidados de longa duração e para a manutenção destes idosos residindo na comunidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Health Services for the Aged/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Activities of Daily Living , Health Status , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Age Distribution , Polypharmacy , Frailty/epidemiology , Middle Aged
2.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 22(1): 25-32, Enero.-Abr. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1031212

ABSTRACT

Resumen:


Introducción: el programa de Atención Hospitalaria a Domicilio (ATHODO), del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), se implemento con el fin de llevar atención médica hasta el domicilio de los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas o terminales. Como requisito indispensable para formar parte del programa, el paciente debe contar con un cuidador primario, persona en la que recae la responsabilidad del cuidado del paciente.


Objetivo: evaluar el desempeño del cuidador principal y su relación con la eficiencia del programa ATHODO.


Metodología: estudio descriptivo y transversal correlacional en 72 cuidadores principales inscritos en el programa ATHODO. El desempeño del cuidador principal se evaluó con el instrumento elaborado por Landeros y Huitzache "Valoración para el Agente de Cuidado Dependiente", validado con alfa de Cronbach de 0.862; y la eficiencia del programa, con una lista de cotejo realizada conforme a lo establecido en los siete indicadores de calidad que marca el IMSS. Se consideró eficiente si se cumplieron positivamente los siete indicadores.


Resultados: el desempeño del rol de cuidador principal fue bueno en 58 % y regular en 42 %. El programa ATHODO fue evaluado como insuficiente por los cuidadores debido a que no se cumplió favorablemente con los siete indicadores. Se identificó asociación entre desempeño y eficiencia del programa.


Conclusiones: la asociación entre desempeño y eficiencia del programa ATHODO permite proponer acciones que lo perfeccionen y que mejoren el desempeño del cuidador principal.


Abstract:


Introduction: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social's (IMSS) Home Health Care program (ATHODO, according to its initials in Spanish) was implemented to bring medical care to the home of patients with chronic or terminal diseases. As a prerequisite for joining the program, the patient must have a primary caregiver: a person with the responsibility of giving care to him.


Objective: To evaluate the performance of the primary caregiver role and its relationship with the efficiency of ATHODO program.


Methodology: A descriptive, correlational cross-sectional study in 72 primary caregivers enrolled in ATHODO. Primary caregiver performance was assessed with the instrument developed by Lan-deros and Huitzache "Valoración para el Agente de CuidadoDependiente" ("Calculation for Dependent Care Agent"), validated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.862. The efficiency of the program was validated with a checklist made as provided in the seven indicators of quality that marks the IMSS. The program was considered efficient if it met with the seven points positively. Results: the performance of the role of primary caregiver was good in 58 %, fair in 42 %. The ATHODO program was evaluated as inefficient by all caregivers, because it didn't met favorably with the seven indicators. An association between performance and efficiency of the program was identified. Conclusions: the association between performance and efficiency of the program allows to propose actions to improve the program and consequently the performance of the primary caregiver.


Subject(s)
Home Care Agencies , Self Care , Caregivers , Home Health Aides , Mexico , Humans
3.
Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol ; 16(2): 365-374, 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-680863

ABSTRACT

Pessoas com deficiência, ao se tornarem idosas, muitas vezes apresentam problemas mais complexos, devido às dificuldades de inserção social ativa. Este estudo se propõe a caracterizar as condições sociodemográficas e de saúde de pessoas com deficiência com idade acima de 50 anos, e de seus respectivos cuidadores. Trata-se de estudo descritivo realizado por meio de entrevistas com 43 idosos com deficiência e 39 cuidadores. Constatou-se que as pessoas com deficiência vivem com algum familiar, 51,2% não frequentaram o ensino formal, 69,8% sobrevivem da aposentadoria, 46,5% utilizam três medicamentos ou mais e 69,8% não realizam exame preventivo de câncer de mama/útero ou próstata. Dos cuidadores, 79,5% são do gênero feminino, 84,7% têm pouca ou nenhuma escolaridade, sendo irmão(a) ou sobrinho(a), são cuidadores há dez anos ou mais, não recebem ajuda de outros parentes e não têm atividade regular de lazer. Entre eles, 18% relatam três ou mais problemas de saúde e 44% fazem uso de três ou mais medicamentos. As pessoas acima dos 50 anos, com deficiência, apresentam algumas características semelhantes a outros idosos dependentes, mas sua condição de dependência é de longa duração, o que demanda ações de saúde diferenciadas tanto para esse idoso como para o cuidador.


As disabled people become older, they often have more complex problems, due to the difficulties of social active insertion. This study aims to characterize the socio-demographic and health conditions of people with disabilities aged 50 years and over, and their caregivers. This is a descriptive study conducted through interviews with 43 disabled elderly and 39 caregivers. It was found that people with disabilities live with a relative, 51.2% did not attend formal education, 69.8% survive of retirement, 46.5% used three or more drugs and 69.8% did not do Pap smear / breast or prostate preventive screening. Among caregivers, 79.5% were female, 84.7% have little or no schooling, were sibling or nephew, have been caregivers for ten years or more, do not get help from other relatives and do not have regular leisure activity. Among them, 18% reported three or more health problems and 44% use three or more drugs. Disabled people over 50 exhibit some characteristics similar to other elderly dependents, but their condition of dependency is long lasting, which requires special health actions both for elderly and caregivers.

4.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 530-536, 2008.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-91243

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Since 1997, private postnatal care facilities (San-hu-jo-ri-won in Korean) have emerged to take the role of the family. As a result, neonates are now exposed to many people and are very vulnerable to infection. However, there has been no study on the influence of postnatal care facilities on neonatal infection. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of neonatal infection in full-term babies in Korea. MATERIALS and METHODS: We followed up 556 pregnant women and their babies for 4 weeks after their births at 2 hospitals in Seoul and Daejeon from October 2004 to September 2005. Among 512 full-term babies, 58 had infectious diseases. To determine the risk factors for infection, 53 infected neonates at 4-28 days of life and 413 healthy neonates were compared. RESULTS: The incidence of neonatal infection at 4 to 28 days after birth was 10.5%. After adjusting the related factors, the number of siblings (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.13-3.71 for 1 or more) and postnatal care facilities or home aides (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.07-3.45) were significant risk factors. Formula or mixed feeding (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.91-3.04) increased the risk of neonatal infection but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: When the newborns had siblings, stayed at postnatal care facilities, or were cared for by home aides, the risk of neonatal infections significantly increased. Further research on the feeding effect on neonatal infection and evaluation of prevention efforts are needed.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Communicable Diseases/epidemiology , Korea/epidemiology , Mothers , Risk Factors , Term Birth
5.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 16(1,supl.2): 35-42, set. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-754722

ABSTRACT

Serviços de atenção domiciliar são incipientes no país, e a maioria dos doentes incapacitados é cuidada por familiares de modo informal. A experiência de cuidar de pacientes dependentes no domicílio, mesmo com o suporte dos serviços, acarreta desgaste para os familiares e, principalmente, para o cuidador. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a experiência de um programa de atenção domiciliar, procurando compreender o significado da presença do doente dependente para os familiares. Métodos: Foram acompanhados sete pacientes, com doença crônica avançada, atendidos no domicílio por equipe de um hospital-escola de 8elo Horizonte, MG. Utilizou-se entrevista e observação etnográfica para a coleta de dados. Resultados: As dificuldades enfrentadas pelos familiares com o doente dependente em casa caracterizam- se pela angústia de não poderem interagir com o paciente, de acompanharem sua degeneração e pelas restrições financeiras para sustentar as necessidades do doente. A figura do cuidador informal se estrutura por valores culturais relativos ao gênero e ao trabalho e pela história das relações afetivas anteriores. O cuida- dor fica sobrecarregado, o que se traduz em efeitos psicossociais em sua vida. Conclusões: Apesar de o serviço de atenção domiciliar ser ainda um privilégio para os usuários do sistema público de saúde, as exigências do cuidado em casa devem ser contempladas nas definições políticas de extensão de sua cobertura. A necessidade e a urgência de se definirem as responsabilidades desses serviços estão evidentes em razão da crescente demanda resultante do envelhecimento da população e do prolongamento da vida pelo uso das tecnologias médicas.


The home care services are incipient in Brazil and the majority of care for the disabled is given informally by rel- atives. Taking care of the ill at home requires constant effort from the family and mainly from the caregiver, even with the home care services support. Aim: To analyze cases of patients attended by the Home Care Program, looking for the meaning of the disabled at home to their families. Methods: Seven patients attended by the Home Care Program of a School-Hospital in Belo Horizonte, MG, who presented advanced chronic diseases, were followed by means of interviews and ethno-graphic observation to collect data. Results: The difficulties faced by the families with a sick and dependent rela- tive at home are characterized by distress for not beingable to interact with the diseased, follow their degrada- tion and by financial restrictions to support the ill's needs. The informal caregiver's profile is determined by cultural values related to gender, work and previous affective history. The caregiver is overwhelmed and this results in psychosocial effects on life. Conclusions: Despite the fact that the home care service is a privilege for the users of the public health system, the demands on home care should be considered by the political definitions concerning the extent of its coverage. The necessity and urgency in defin- ing the responsibilities of these services are evident as a consequence of the growing demand for home care attention due to aging and postponemem of death as a result of the use of medical technologies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Home Nursing , Caregivers , Family , Homebound Persons , Chronic Disease , Qualitative Research
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